Feliz Pascua, or Happy Easter!
For us, one of the most enlightening parts of our Nicaraguan experience has been gaining a deeper understanding of the desire emigrate to the states. From seeing various news clips, we understand that immigration policy has become a key issue in the states (millions marching!), so it´s probably a good time to share our new perspective. We´d love to hear your reactions to this entry.
A Life and Death Issue
A common conversation topic here is people´s desire to travel to America to work. It seems that the majority of people we know here have expressed a desire to travel to the US for work—not necessarily permanently, but at least for a few years. A close friend of our host mother recently quit her job and paid a $3,000 fee to be successfully transported to the US. Last week, she called Karelia from Mexico to tell her that she had been caught and that her transport had made off with the money!
We also know of at least two people who were deported after living illegally in the US. Additionally, we know of several families of whom the father or father is currently working illegally in the US. One of these men entered through Mexico and went for nearly a week without eating. To be very clear, we never realized the degree to which people here view immigration as a life or death issue.
Standard of Living
To give you a deeper understanding of why people are willing to risk so much to get to the States, let us give you an idea of the financial situation here. Approximately 85% of Nicaraguans live off of less than a dollar per day. School teachers here make anywhere from $30-60 US dollars per month and other full time jobs and store workers earn around that level too. A professor makes about $100 a month. The hospital doctors here make around $200 a month--which is why they´ve been on strike for the past three months. (The only people working at the hospital are nurses and doctors who take only urgent emergencies).
So, you can begin to understand why working for a minimum wage in the States would be so tempting. In one day, a person could earn what the average Nicaraguan earns in a month! In just a few months, you can make enough money for your family at home to live far more comfortably and enjoy greater opportunity for financial/personal success. Many people therefore view emigrating as a necessary sacrifice for supporting their family.
However, US visas are nearly impossible to obtain. It´s rumored that over 100 Nicaraguans go to the US embassy in Managua to apply for a visa
every day . On average, only 2 or 3 are approved. Approved or not, you have to pay a $112 application fee! Our question is, what does the embassy do with all this money? That´s approximately 4 million dollars a year! The cost is obviously supposed to act as a deterrent for applications, but when you consider that people here view immigration as a survival issue, it´s not surprising that so many still apply. Apparently it is just a little easier to get a temporary work visa for Spain.
Solutions?
Obviously, the best thing would be if Nicaraguans could receive more reasonable wages in their home country. Therefore, the US could help fund the sustainable development of Latin America—to use our dollars and expertise to help improve the infrastructure here so as to better equalize the standards of living between the US and LA. We´ve now been to several locations around the country and everywhere we go, we see signs explaining how Japan and the European Union are collaborating with local governments to build roads, reforest, improve water systems, ect. The US is notably, and for us, embarrassingly absent. It´s true, there are over one hundred peace corps volunteers here, but we could be doing so much more. Japan and the EU don´t even share the same continent as LA and they still see the value of supporting the development here.
This further highlights the irony of the money the US embassy earns from visa applications every year. If we poured half that money (2 million) into Nicaragua, it would be a good start. Besides, after how the US-backed Contras bombed their towns and killed many thousands of Nicaraguans in the 1980s, we owe them.
Besides the financial situation, it makes us reallize what a privilege an American passport is. We can travel just about anywhere in the world if and not worry about getting a visa. Here, they can travel to bordering countries, but if they want to go to a more developed country, it is extremely difficult, if not impossible. Speaking of traveling to other countries, our Journey to Ocotal is about to come to an end. After a week of traveling with our parents, we are headed to Guatemala on May first to continue our studies and experience another part of Latin America. Our new address will be:
Centro Pop Wuj
Primera Calle, 17-72, Zona 1
Quetzaltenango, Guatemala
Daly Pues,
Brit and Megan